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Ethiopia is projected to lose approximately USD 5 million in customs revenue during the first year of implementing the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) agreement, according to the Ethiopian Policy Studies Institute.

The projection was disclosed as part of the finalization of Ethiopia’s National AfCFTA Implementation Strategy, which outlines the country’s roadmap for integrating into the continent-wide free trade pact. The strategy was officially launched during a public consultation forum held in Addis Ababa on June 20, 2025.

The high-level event brought together senior government officials, private sector leaders, and development partners. Among the key attendees were Dr. Kassahun Goffe, Minister of Trade and Regional Integration; Yasmin Wohabrebi, State Minister for Trade and Regional Integration; and Dr. Abebe Ambachew, Senior Researcher at the Policy Studies Institute.

According to Dr. Abebe Ambachew, Senior Researcher at the Policy Studies Institute, the estimated revenue loss over a 13-year period could reach USD 83.3 million, with USD 5 million expected in the first year alone. He added that customs duties currently account for about 25.6% of Ethiopia’s total government revenue from imports.

“Given that most of Ethiopia’s trade occurs with non-African countries, the impact of AfCFTA-related tariff losses may not be as severe in the short term,” said Dr. Abebe. “However, the country must take steps to diversify revenue sources and strengthen its export base.”

Speaking at the launch of the ECOTRADE Project, Dr. Kassahun also emphasized Ethiopia’s limited experience in duty-free trade frameworks.

“We have primarily operated within a tax-based trade system and lack practical exposure to free trade. This transition will have direct implications for our customs operations and logistics systems,” he stated.

He further highlighted structural barriers beyond tariff-related issues, pointing to regional connectivity constraints. “Although Ethiopia’s aviation sector ranks first in Africa, it still cannot be effectively utilized for large-scale continental trade,” he added.

The African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) was signed on March 21, 2018, in Kigali, Rwanda, and officially entered into force on May 30, 2019, after reaching the required number of ratifications. Ethiopia ratified the agreement in 2019 but has yet to fully liberalize its tariffs or participate in the AfCFTA’s Guided Trade Initiative.

Current trade figures show that only 14% of Ethiopia’s exports are destined for African markets, while just 9.6% of imports originate from the continent. This indicates a limited level of trade integration with African partners and suggests that Ethiopia’s gains from AfCFTA may take time to materialize.

To mitigate the projected revenue gap, experts at the forum emphasized the need to expand alternative tax mechanisms and boost export performance, particularly in value-added sectors. Dr. Abebe noted that Ethiopia’s export and import volumes have both shown moderate growth over the past decade, presenting a potential foundation for greater regional trade integration.

 


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Ethiopia recorded a significant rebound in foreign direct investment (FDI) in 2024, attracting approximately US USD3.98 billion, a 21.9% increase compared to the previous year, according to the latest United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) World Investment Report 2025.

This growth positions Ethiopia as the leading FDI recipient in East Africa, a region that collectively attracted around USD8.5 billion in 2024, marking modest growth despite a challenging global environment characterized by an 11% decline in worldwide FDI flows.

Neighboring countries contributed to this regional investment landscape with Kenya drawing an estimated USD2.5 billion in FDI, Tanzania about USD1.1 billion, Uganda approximately USD0.7 billion, and Rwanda close to USD0.2 billion. These inflows reflect steady investor interest across sectors such as fintech, manufacturing, infrastructure, renewable energy, agribusiness, and technology.

Ethiopia’s surge is driven by reforms and investments targeting telecommunications, renewable energy, agribusiness, and logistics, marking a recovery after subdued inflows following its 2016/17 peak of USD4.12 billion.

The East African region showed resilience, with greenfield projects increasing by 32% and international project finance deals rising 38%, signaling confidence in new investments despite global FDI contractions.

Regional integration initiatives such as the East African Community (EAC) and the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA) remain vital in enhancing investment flows and fostering economic diversification across the region.

In a further boost to Ethiopia’s regional economic engagement, the Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration (MoTRI) recently convened a high-level validation workshop on the country’s National AfCFTA Implementation Strategy. The event brought together policymakers, private sector representatives, development partners, and trade experts to review the final draft of the strategy designed to guide Ethiopia’s active participation in the landmark continental trade agreement.

 


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Ethiopia’s Special Economic Zones (SEZs) have secured nearly USD 900 million in new investments in the current fiscal year alone, a leap that signals the zones are active engines of industrial growth.

As reported by the Ethiopian Press Agency, 89% of all developed land and factory shades in the country’s 13 SEZs have been taken up. Bole Lemi and Adama Industrial Parks have reached full occupancy, while Jimma SEZ stands at 90%.

“This level of uptake shows that previously stagnant areas are now attracting serious investment,” said Zemen Junedi, Deputy CEO of Promotion and Marketing at the Industrial Parks Development Corporation (IPDC), in an interview with The Ethiopian Herald. “Most of the newly registered projects are already operational.”

Zemen attributes the turnaround to a set of government-led legal and regulatory reforms—nearly 80 policy frameworks have been revised. The goal: eliminate red tape and boost investor confidence. The results are visible. Just a few years ago, local investor participation in SEZs stood below 5%. That figure now stands at 60%, with Ethiopian firms operating alongside foreign players in zones across the country.

SEZs have also shifted from being purely export-driven to supporting import substitution, especially in textiles, pharmaceuticals, automotive assembly, logistics, and agro-processing. Parks once seen as underutilized are now actively contributing to employment, technology transfer, and foreign exchange generation.

“Zones that were struggling are now alive with factories, warehouses, and local value chains,” Zemen said.

However, recent reports highlight persistent challenges for workers within these zones. Laborers face wages as low as USD26 per month, among the lowest globally. Poor working conditions, including long hours, inadequate occupational safety, and substandard housing, contribute to high turnover rates—sometimes exceeding 10% monthly. Inflation continues to erode workers’ purchasing power, while weak enforcement of labor laws and limited union influence leave many with little protection or recourse.

 


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The Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration has issued a statement clarifying recent misinformation suggesting that new taxes have been imposed on fuel sales. While the Ministry insists that no new taxes or subsidies are currently being applied, a recent report by Sheger 102.1FM reveals that the government’s 2025/2026 draft budget plans to introduce a 15 percent value-added tax (VAT) on fuel products starting July 2025.

This clarification comes amid growing public anxiety and widespread rumors circulating on social media, which have contributed to unnecessary panic and long queues at gas stations across the country. The Ministry urges the public to rely on verified information and assures that fuel supply remains stable and sufficient.

Ethiopia has been gradually reducing its domestic fuel subsidies since June 2022, a process designed to align local fuel prices with global market rates. This phase-out was initially targeted to conclude by June 2023 but was extended due to macroeconomic reforms, including a significant adjustment in the foreign exchange rate, which pushed domestic fuel prices upward.

To mitigate the impact on vulnerable populations, the government introduced a targeted subsidy package in July 2024, focusing support on low-income households. Despite these efforts, the wide price gap between Ethiopian fuel prices and those of neighboring countries has fueled smuggling and illegal trade, prompting the government to accelerate subsidy removal.

Subsidies on gasoline and jet fuel were removed starting May 9, 2025, with the de-subsidization of white diesel and other petroleum products following on June 4, 2025. Since then, all fuel prices have been fully determined by international oil market dynamics.

However, the government’s plan to impose a 15 percent VAT on fuel products from July 2025, as outlined in the draft budget, is expected to place additional financial pressure on consumers already facing rising living costs. The VAT is projected to generate over ETB 3 billion in revenue for the federal government, alongside additional VAT revenues from other basic commodities such as sugar and salt.

The Ministry acknowledges the challenges posed by these reforms but emphasizes their necessity in improving fiscal sustainability and reducing market distortions. It also reiterates its commitment to protecting vulnerable groups through targeted subsidies and social safety nets.


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NIB Bank and Arifpay Financial Technologies have launched a strategic partnership aimed at expanding access to digital payment systems across Ethiopia. The collaboration brings together NIB Bank’s extensive financial infrastructure and Arifpay’s growing fintech capabilities to deliver a range of integrated solutions that cater to the evolving needs of businesses and merchants.

Central to the partnership is a commitment to improving how transactions are made and managed, particularly for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), retail merchants, and service providers seeking greater efficiency and flexibility in their day-to-day operations.

One of the key offerings is the deployment of mobile and smart point-of-sale (POS) devices, allowing merchants to accept card payments, including Visa, Mastercard, and UnionPay. This capability is expected to improve transaction security and boost foreign currency inflows by attracting more international customers and formalizing previously cash-based businesses.

The agreement also includes the rollout of a secure digital Payment Gateway to support Ethiopia’s growing e-commerce sector. The gateway is designed to facilitate online payments for businesses operating in the digital space, offering a locally managed, real-time transaction platform that enhances reliability and customer trust. As part of the rollout, merchants will also have access to a free e-commerce platform, integrated directly through Arifpay’s gateway.

“With this partnership, NIB Bank’s customers can access these all-inclusive payment solutions,” said Rediet Tsigeberhan, CEO of Arifpay. “Moreover, a free e-commerce platform for merchants through our payment gateway will further empower businesses. Teaming up with NIB Bank allows us to scale our fintech innovations nationwide and work with a larger, more inclusive, and digitally empowered economy.”

Complementing these tools is a merchant-focused mobile application that allows vendors to accept payments, manage transactions, and access real-time analytics from their smartphones. The app supports businesses in better monitoring cash flow, understanding customer behavior, and making data-driven decisions.

Additionally, the “Super Merchant” model introduced through this partnership will allow NIB Bank to integrate Arifpay’s interoperable technologies into its existing digital services. The model is intended to simplify onboarding processes for new merchants, expand access to digital financial tools, and further modernize the bank’s retail offerings.

Henok Kebede, CEO of NIB Bank, said the partnership reflects the bank’s strategic direction toward becoming a leader in digital financial services. “By combining our infrastructure with Arifpay’s technology, we are positioned to deliver practical, customer-focused solutions that support business growth and financial inclusion,” he said.

 


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Ethiopia has officially launched the €6 million ECOTRADE Project, a four-year initiative funded by the European Union (EU) to support the country’s implementation of the African Continental Free Trade Area (AfCFTA).

The high-level launch ceremony took place today  in Addis Ababa, with the presence of Ethiopia’s Minister of Trade and Regional Integration, Dr. Kassahun Gofe; EU Ambassador to Ethiopia, Sofie From-Emmesberger; Julien Voituriez, First Advisor at the Embassy of France to Ethiopia; and other senior officials, development partners, and private sector representatives.

ECOTRADE, designed and managed by Expertise France, a subsidiary of Agence Française de Développement and France’s public agency, aims to enhance Ethiopia’s trade policy framework by aligning it with AfCFTA protocols, while also building the capacity of public institutions and empowering the private sector—particularly small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and women-led businesses—to effectively participate in regional markets.

“This initiative speaks directly to our national development aspirations,” said Dr. Kassahun. “It supports Ethiopia’s Homegrown Economic Reform Agenda, complements our national trade policy direction, and is anchored in our broader integration goals under the African Union’s Agenda 2063.”

The project will operate in close coordination with the Ministry of Trade and Regional Integration (MoTRI), the Ethiopian Customs Commission, chambers of commerce, exporters’ associations, and other key public-private actors. Through targeted interventions in policy alignment, trade facilitation, and value chain development, ECOTRADE is expected to improve regional connectivity and foster inclusive economic growth.

Ambassador From-Emmesberger reaffirmed the EU’s commitment to Ethiopia’s development through collaborative and people-centered initiatives.

“At the heart of ECOTRADE lies a bold ambition—to enable Ethiopia to reap the full benefits of AfCFTA,” she said. “This means investing in people: entrepreneurs, women traders, customs officials, and students, all of whom are drivers of transformation.”

The ECOTRADE Project also aligns with broader continental and global development goals, including the EU’s Global Gateway strategy and the UN Sustainable Development Goals. It underscores the growing emphasis on trade-led development as a means to boost competitiveness, reduce poverty, and position Ethiopia as a key player in the emerging single African market.

Ethiopia ratified the AfCFTA agreement in 2019 but has yet to fully liberalize its tariffs or engage in the AfCFTA’s Guided Trade Initiative. The ECOTRADE launch comes at a pivotal moment, as Ethiopia is preparing to validate its comprehensive national AfCFTA implementation strategy later today.

To ensure effective execution, MoTRI has established a dedicated coordination office for trade integration and facilitation. This office will work alongside a national implementation committee and three technical working groups tasked with guiding, overseeing, and ensuring accountability across institutions.

 


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The National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) has published its latest annual financial disclosure, verified by an independent auditor, offering a detailed look into the country’s monetary trajectory over the past five years. The findings point to a dramatic 200 percent increase in money supply, raising concerns over inflation and macroeconomic stability.

One of the report’s key revelations is the NBE’s provision of ETB 700 billion in direct advances to the Ministry of Finance between 2019 and 2024. The volume of cash circulating in Ethiopia’s economy has more than doubled, climbing from around ETB trillion five years ago to ETB 2.7 trillion by the end of the last fiscal year in June 2024. This surge has fueled macroeconomic imbalances, prompting renewed calls for policy reform and tighter fiscal discipline.

Encouragingly, the current fiscal year marks a turning point. For the first time in recent years, the federal government has refrained from taking direct loans from the National Bank. The central bank has also implemented corrective measures to absorb excess liquidity, a move seen as part of a broader macroeconomic stabilization effort.


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The 7th edition of Agrofood and Plastprintpack Ethiopia opened today at Millennium Hall, Addis Ababa, drawing 158 exhibitors from 16 countries, a clear signal of growing international interest in Ethiopia’s agro-industrial potential.

The launch ceremony welcomed prominent figures such as State Minister of Industry Hassen Mohammed, Brazilian Ambassador Jandyr Ferreira dos Santos, Turkish Ambassador Berk Baran, Prana Events Managing Director Nebeyu Lemma, and fairtrade Messe Managing Director Paul März.

Held alongside the Ethiopia Food Show and the Ethiopica Coffee Show, this year’s expo presents a rare convergence of food, agriculture, packaging, and coffee industry leaders. Participating countries include major exporters and industrial players such as Brazil, Germany, Türkiye, and the United Arab Emirates.

At the opening, State Minister of Industry Hassen emphasized that the expo “mirrors the transformation underway,” where agriculture is no longer confined to subsistence, but instead fuels industrial growth. “Innovation in farming and processing is now central to Ethiopia’s industrial agenda,” he said.

Ambassador Berk Baran of Türkiye echoed this shift, citing Ethiopia’s “transformative projects and consistent GDP growth” as catalysts attracting foreign direct investment, especially in food processing and packaging sectors.

Organized by fairtrade Messe with local partner Prana Events, the Expo enjoys active support from national and international ministries, authorities, and trade associations—and underscores Ethiopia’s drive toward economic diversification and industrial modernization. Nebeyu Lemma, Managing Director of Prana Events, noted that the event is “the outcome of shared ambition and belief in Ethiopia’s capacity to lead in agro-industry and coffee value addition.” He added that the plastics on display are not single-use, in compliance with the new proclamation that bans such products. “There’s a widespread misconception in Ethiopia that plastic itself is harmful, but that’s not the case. Plastic is part of everyday life, from household items to aircraft components. The real issue lies in how we manage plastic after it has been used,” he told EBR.


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Ethiopian Airlines has signed a firm order for two DHC-6 Twin Otter Classic 300-G aircraft from Canadian manufacturer De Havilland Aircraft of Canada Limited, in a strategic move to enhance domestic connectivity across remote and underserved regions, Aerospace Global News reports.

This marks the introduction of the 300-G into Ethiopian Airlines’ fleet. Unlike larger jets that require long runways and major airports, these uniquely built aircraft can land on water and rugged strips, making them ideal for reaching isolated communities, especially those around Ethiopia’s Great Lakes region.

“This aircraft is perfectly aligned with our vision to improve domestic connectivity,” said Mesfin Tasew, Group CEO of Ethiopian Airlines. “Its ability to operate in challenging environments, paired with the enhancements of the latest 300-G version, supports our broader commitment to improving regional access and advancing socio-economic development across Ethiopia and beyond.”

The aircraft aren’t just for passengers. Ethiopian Airlines plans to use them for cargo delivery, medical evacuations, and emergency support, offering lifelines to areas that often lack reliable transport options. In a country where geography can be a barrier, this move reflects the airline’s growing role in connecting Ethiopians to each other not just to the rest of the world.

Ryan DeBrusk, Vice President of Sales and Marketing at De Havilland Canada, expressed pride in the partnership:

“We’re honored to welcome Ethiopian Airlines to the Twin Otter 300-G family. Their choice highlights how this aircraft can support tourism, regional connectivity, and local development in East Africa.”

The Twin Otter 300-G is the latest generation of a globally trusted aircraft, now enhanced with a modern Garmin G1000 NXi glass cockpit, better fuel efficiency, higher maximum takeoff weight, and lower maintenance needs. These upgrades make it both practical and cost-effective for rugged operations. 

 


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Ethiopian Airlines Group CEO Mesfin Tasew has been awarded the Girma Wake Lifetime Achievement Award, a distinguished recognition celebrating his far-reaching contributions to African aviation and route development.

The honor was conferred during the AviaDev Africa 2025 summit held in Zanzibar, which brought together more than 500 delegates from across the continent and beyond. The award is named after Girma Wake, a towering figure in African aviation and former CEO of Ethiopian Airlines, whose legacy continues to shape the industry.

Mesfin, who took the helm of Africa’s largest airline group during a period of post-pandemic recovery and sector-wide transformation, was recognized not only for his leadership at Ethiopian Airlines but also for his broader influence in advancing connectivity and operational excellence across Africa.

“This award carries deep personal meaning,” said Mesfin. “It’s named after my mentor and the father of African aviation, Girma Wake. More than a personal accolade, this is a tribute to the collective achievements of the Ethiopian Airlines team and our shared commitment to a better-connected Africa.”

Under Mesfin’s leadership, Ethiopian Airlines has solidified its role as a continental aviation powerhouse—expanding its network, investing in modern infrastructure, and driving regional integration through strategic partnerships. The airline continues to set benchmarks in operational performance, sustainability, and digital innovation in aviation.

The award highlights Mesfin’s enduring role in shaping policy, fostering cooperation among aviation stakeholders, and promoting the idea of air travel as a vehicle for economic growth and unity in Africa.

Hosted annually, AviaDev Africa serves as a critical platform for dialogue and collaboration among the continent’s aviation leaders. It facilitates route development by connecting airlines, airports, tourism boards, and government representatives, reinforcing aviation’s role as a driver of Africa’s development agenda.

 




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