In the wake of Bill Gates’ (tech magnate and philanthropist) recent visit to Ethiopia, the country’s agricultural sector finds itself at a crossroads. As the nation grapples with rising production costs and the looming threat of climate change, introducing genetically modified organisms (GMOs) in the horticulture sector has emerged as a potential game-changer. This innovative approach could boost productivity and tackle challenges threatening the country’s export competitiveness. However, it raises important questions about public health, environmental impact, economic sovereignty, and the risk of becoming reliant on foreign biotechnology. By presenting a balanced perspective on the benefits and challenges of GMOs, EBR’s Eden Teshome shows how Ethiopia can strategically navigate this landscape to strengthen its horticultural industry and enhance exports.